中国算不算科技发达国？外国网友这样说... | 老外看中国
专栏 | 老外看中国
铁血军事特色栏目，带你了解老外网友对国际大事的看法。一起来看不同文化熏陶下的各国网友究竟会发生怎样的思想碰撞。
众所周知，科技是历史杠杆，是大国发展的制高点。二战后，美国取代德国成为世界科技中心，晶体管、计算机、互联网、手机、GPS、激光等20世纪最重要的发明都出自美国。
在这个过程中，苏联、日本等国曾一度冲击美国的高科技垄断地位，但在美国的不懈打压下，均最终告败。
而在今天，美方频频以“国家安全”为由对中国高科技企业发起制裁。如此情形，除了暴露美国一贯的“科技霸权”本性外，同样向世界传递出了一个信号：中国的科技水准，已经达到了一个相当的世界高度！
鉴于此，近日就有外国网友在QUORA上提问：如今的中国，算的上是一个科技发达的国家吗？
1、Hans Pond
No！China was, is and will be a developing country.
不！中国过去、现在和将来都是一个发展中国家。
Even the Chinese go nment has, does and will confirm this numerous times. Every time the Chinese spokesman say something, usually he would emphasize this. This is one fundamenta aspect of China.
就连中国政府也多次证实这一点。每次中国发言人说什么，他通常都会强调这一点。这是中国的一个基本方面。
You have to analyze China in terms of PER CAPITA. An apple shared by 1 person in the US, and an apple shared by 10 persons in China. These are definitely different.
你应该以人均水平来分析中国。在美国1个人分享一个苹果，在中国10个人分享一个苹果。这是绝对不同的。
However, if everyone in China has an apple, then perhaps the definition of "developed" will change again.
不过，如果中国每一个人都拥有一个苹果的话，那么到那个时候，或许“发达国家”的定义，又会发生变化！
That's one thing I like about China. They never care about notoriety, but rather want to create something real!
这是我喜欢中国的一点，他们永远不在乎虚名，而更希望创造实际的东西！
2、Daan Mulder
It depends on the criteria that you use to make such a determination.
这取决于您是基于什么标准做出这样的判断。
My preference, when assessing such matters, is to use the Human Development Index (HDI) over pure economical or technological parameters.
在评估这些问题时，我倾向于使用人类发展指数，而不是纯粹的经济或技术参数。
In a nutshell, the HDI was created in order to emphasize that expanding human choices should be the ultimate criterion for assessing development results. A country’s economic growth is obviously an important parameter in and by itself, but we should always keep in mind that it is nothing but means to an end, and not an end by itself.
简而言之，人类发展指数的设立是为了不断增多的选择应该是评估国家发展成果的最终标准。一个国家的经济增长本身显然是一个重要的参数，但我们应该始终记住，它只是达到目的的手段，而不是目的本身。
This is why HDI trumps other parameters, such as GDP or GDP per capita, when assessing whether a country is advanced or not, because it also suggests how a country invests its resources and what are that country’s go nment policy priorities.
这就是为什么在评估一个国家发达与否时，人类发展指数超过了GDP或人均GDP等其他参数，因为它还表明了一个国家如何投资其资源，以及该国政府的政策重点是什么。
For example, HDI can successfully explain why is it that Malaysia, which has higher gross national income per capita compared to Chile (to name a single example), also has life expectancy at birth that is 7 years shorter and expected years of schooling that is 2.5 shorter compared to Chile (resulting in Chile having a much higher HDI value than Malaysia.)
例如,人类发展指数可以成功地解释为什么与智利相比，马来西亚有较高的人均国民收入总值(我只是举个例子)，出生时的预期寿命少7年，教育预期年限短2.5年(这使得智利的人类发展指数远高于马来西亚。)
So out of 188 countries (in the 2014 report), China is ranked #90 - suggesting high human development.
因此，在188个国家中(在2014年的报告中)，中国排在第90位—表明人类发展水平很高。
Most of the so-called “Western” countries (North America, Western Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, etc.) are ranked very high on the list (top 30). Most of Sub-Saharan African countries are ranked very low on the list.
大多数所谓的“西方”国家(北美、西欧、澳大利亚、新西兰、日本等)的排名都非常高(前30名)。大多数撒哈拉以南非洲国家的排名都很低。
But,considering that Facebook is following closely WeChat and QQ technological progresses, I believe China has some advantages on the rest of the developed world…
但是，考虑到Facebook正在密切关注微信和QQ的技术进步，我相信中国比其他发达国家更具一些优势。
For instance on QQ, you can book a taxi, get food deliveries, use if for savings, pay electricity bill and book train tickets, you can even find pet hairdressers and book them showing all your friends his schedule!
例如，你可以通过QQ叫出租车，送外卖，攒钱，付电费和火车票，你甚至可以找到宠物美容师，让所有的朋友都看到他的行程表！
Also they had the chance to start building with the best technologies instead of developing them. Its why they have the world largest high speed train rail networks (more than 20000km is more than all the rest of the world networks combined) and even an active Maglev train in Shanghai (the only commercial version in the world).
他们也有机会用最好的技术搞建设，无需从头研究。这就是为什么他们拥有世界上最大的高速铁路网络(超过2万公里的铁路网，比世界上所有铁路网的总和还要长)，上海甚至有运营的磁悬浮列车(世界上唯一的商业版本)。
I had a friend of mine visiting me from New York in 2004. He though that Shanghai was a developing city. He was surprise to find a more modern version of New York a thousand times cleaner with screens as high as buildings themselves (forget Time Square)…
2004年，我的一个朋友从纽约来看我。他本以为上海是一个发展中城市。但他惊讶地发现，这是一个比纽约干净一千倍、到处都有和建筑物本身一样高的屏幕的现代版纽约(忘了时代广场吧)……
So is China a developed country in science and technology? I am not sure about this, but I am sure that China's science and technology will not be weak!
所以，中国是一个科技发达国家吗？我对此虽然并不起确定，但是我可以肯定的是，中国的科技，一定不会薄弱！
3、Vibhinn Gautam
China, despite being a heavy coal consumer, has led the world in renewable energy.
尽管中国是一个煤炭消费大国，但在可再生能源领域却引领着世界。
The education is ok. I won't say good or very good, but it certainly isn't very bad. One of the reasons it。
中国的教育还可以。我不会说很好或非常好，但肯定不差。不会很好的原因之一。
Too much population and children makes learning less efficient.
过多的人口和儿童，使得学习效率降低。
China's industry is good - for the short and middle term. But, because of the rapid industry, it's resources are RAPIDLY depleting.
从短期和中期来看，中国的工业是好的。但是，由于工业发展迅速，它的资源面临枯竭。
But, now, let's see your question: Is china advance country?
现在，让我们来看看你的问题：中国是（科技）发达国家吗?
In my opinion, China as a whole should be between development and development. The reason is simple: in some areas of China, such as Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen and other developed areas, they have the same scientific and technological strength and market prosperity as any Western country,
在我看来，中国从整体上应该介于发达和发展之间，原因很简单：在中国的某些地区，例如上海、北京、深圳等发达地区，他们拥有着不逊于任何西方国家的科技力量和市场繁荣，
but in some central and Western regions, they still maintain the traditional style. Appearance, therefore, I can not answer this question, China is too big!
但是在一些中西部地区，则仍然保持着传统风貌，所以，对于这个问题我也无法回答，中国实在太大了！
4、Robert Free
It's a big country. So there's everything there. They have space ships and high tech industries and fast trains.
中国是一个大国。这里应有尽有。他们有宇宙飞船、高科技产业和高速列车。
Chinese embrace new tech faster than almost any country in the world because they like it and are forgiving of the failures of the cutting edge.
中国人比世界上几乎任何一个国家都更快地接受新技术，因为他们喜欢新技术，并且能够原谅尖端技术的失败。
They are the only country using VR equipment as a directly profitable tool. On the other hand third tier cities and villages can look untouched by plumbing and mains electricity.
他们是唯一一个将VR设备直接作为盈利工具的国家。另一方面，三线城市和乡村似乎没有受到自来水和电力供应的影响。
Short answer : Yes, but not completely.
简而言之：是，但也不完全是。
5、Nettuno Rossi
China has a public transportation that is simply better than almost all western countries.
中国的公共交通比几乎所有西方国家都好。
China has the best high schools according to the PISA survey (who says it's because chinese are good at tests probably don't know that PISA test is a kind of test that is not something you pass only exercising for tests), although only in Shanghai.
根据国际学生评估项目（PISA）的调查，中国拥有最好的高中(谁如果说这是因为中国人擅长考试，可能不知道PISA测试，并不是通过了考试就能通过的测试)。
China has a low level of violence and anti social behaviors. There are of course, but the level is low, very low if we compare with the gdp pro capita.
中国的暴力和反社会行为水平很低。当然有，但是这个水平很低，如果与人均gdp相比，是很低的。
China is advanced in green energy
中国是绿色能源大国。
China has several major technology companies
中国还有几家科技巨头。
6、Robert Dela Cueva
They have probaby the most modern infrastructure by now because everything is brand new.
他们现在拥有最现代化的基础设施，因为一切都是全新的。
They are also coming along with the ability to improve technologies and are starting to find new uses, which is the hallmark of advancement.
他们也有能力改进技术，并开始寻找新用途，这是发达的标志。
However they are behind with original thoughts and ideas which is only natural given their breakneck speed of development.
但他们的原创想法和创意比较落后，这很自然，因为他们的发展速度极快。
But to get advanced in this field you need a different education sector. Of course, this is also the direction that China is working for at present.
但要在这个领域取得进步，你需要对教育进行改革，当然，这也是目前中国正在为之努力的方向。
Generally speaking, China may not be a "developed country of science and technology" now, but in the foreseeable future, China will certainly be a developed country of science and technology, as our university professor said: this country has unlimited possibilities!
总的来说，中国现在可能不是一个“科技发达国家”，但在可预见的未来，中国一定会成为一个科技发达国家，正如我们大学教授所说：这个国家有无限可能！
7、Abhishek Patolia
I think China is a developed country in science and technology.
我认为中国是一个科技发达国家！
In artificial intelligence. In providing healthcare by app.
是的，在人工智能领域。通过app提供医疗。
China is fast in implementing new technology.
中国在实施新技术方面速度很快。
Not only that，from the civilization point of view. China is the only Humanist civilization.
不仅如此，从文明的角度来看。中国是唯一的人文主义文明。
If Human has a future, China is the hope.
如果人类有未来，中国就是希望。
8、Fariborz Zak
sure why not? Read China history , there was Civilization before many immigrants went to new continent (USA)
当然是，为什么不是？读读中国历史，在移民到达新大陆(美国)之前就有了文明。
Now，it manufactures iphones for apple etc…so what do u think…?
现在，它为苹果等公司生产iphone，你觉得呢?
9、Sean Lee, studied Biomedical Engineering
China is equipped with advanced technology, They have great gadgets and trains 。
中国拥有先进的技术，他们有很棒的小玩意和火车。
However, in some fine machinery manufacturing areas, there are still some gaps between China and developed countries. I think that China needs to make up for the shortcomings!
但在一些精细机械制造领域，中国与发达国家还存在一定差距。我认为中国需要弥补缺点！
But how can the world be perfect? So I think China can be regarded as a developed country of science and technology.
但是，世界怎么可能是完美的呢？所以我认为中国可以被看作是一个科技发达的国家。
10、Christine Lagarde
If you asked me is China a technologically advanced country two or three years ago, I would hesitate on how to answer such question.
如果你两三年前问我中国是不是科技发达的国家，我会犹豫如何回答这个问题。
Connecting with my working career, worked as a system engineer, I can see HP, IBM, SUN machines everywhere in China, people who use these machines have to study the hpux, aix, solaris systems and some more English documents.
结合我的工作生涯，作为一个系统工程师，我在中国随处可见惠普，IBM, SUN的机器，使用这些机器的人要学习hpux, aix, solaris系统等。
But now, however, I choose to say yes. Just take Huawei for example, it started from a small company who studied from Cisco at the beginning, by now, it’s world famous.
但现在，无论如何，我会说“是的”。以华为为例，它从一个小公司开始，向思科学习，到现在，已经是世界知名企业。
Except for that, we can see the three biggest technologically companies in China(BaiDu, Alibaba and Tecent) have made a big achievement.
除此之外，我们可以看到中国最大的三家科技公司(百度，阿里巴巴和腾讯)取得了巨大的成就。
So, is China a technologically advanced coungry? Definitely.
那么，中国是一个科技发达的国家吗？肯定是的。
11、Yuny Zheng
I want to know wether you have gone to China.Gteat change has taken in China since the reform and opening up.many technologies in China rank first in the world.
我想知道你有没有去过中国。改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。中国的许多技术在世界上名列前茅。
you should know the high speed railway is very good and it has set a standard for high speed railway of word.Recent years,China is carrying out the lunar exploration project.
你应该知道中国的高铁非常棒，已经为世界高铁设立了一个标准。近年来，中国正在实施探月工程。
All of rockets were designed and made by Chinese scientists.All in all China has invented many developed produces and make life of Chinese people better and better,even to benefit the people of the world.if you has a chance to visit China,China will leave a deep impression on you.
所有的火箭都是由中国科学家设计和制造的。总之，中国发明了许多高水平产品，让中国人民的生活越来越好，甚至造福了世界人民。如果你有机会访问中国，中国将给你留下深刻的印象。
12、Saurav Sarkar
There are a number of reasons.
原因有很多。
First, whether it's "advanced" (by this, I assume you mean industrialized and wealthy) or not depends what you compare it to.
首先，中国是否“先进”(我想你指的是工业化和富裕)取决于你拿中国跟哪个国家进行比较。
Second, if you are comparing to other poorer countries, there are a few reasons why China has been able to industrialize more successfully than other countries / regions. It has a large population and large size, with many resources.
第二，如果你和其他贫穷国家相比，中国之所以能比其他国家/地区更成功地实现工业化，原因有以下几个。它人口众多，资源丰富。
It has always been more or less autonomous - never fully colonized, though it was controlled through other means, and forged an independent path between the U.S. and the Soviet Union from the 1970s onward.
它一直都是自治国家—从未被完全殖民，尽管它也曾通过其他方式受到过控制，但其在20世纪70年代开始在美国和苏联之间开辟了一条独立的道路。
China is taking a totally different road, so in my opinion, if we look at China with the existing standards, it is not objective in any case!
中国正在走一条完全不同的道路，所以在我看来，如果我们用现有的标准来看待中国，无论如何都是不客观的！
毫不讳言，对于网友“Saurav Sarkar”的言论，老铁是表示赞同的。
正如其所说的那样：
中国正在走一条完全不同的道路，如果我们用现有的标准来看待中国，无论如何都是不客观的！
所以，中国到底是不是“科技发达国家”？
在老铁看来，这样的问题其实并无回答的必要性，借用网友“Hans Pond”的一句话讲：
中国人永远不在乎虚名，而更希望创造实际的东西！
事实如此：任何方面的强大与发达，从来都不是依靠谎言和吹嘘，我们需要做的，是汗水的泼洒，是坚定不移的朝着那共同的目标，走好每一步...
